Temples of Enterprise: Creating Economic Order in the Bronze Age Near East by Mi

Description: Temples of Enterprise by Michael Hudson Estimated delivery 3-12 business days Format Paperback Condition Brand New Description The twelve articles collected in this volume describe how the most basic features of Western economic organization - money, markets, land tenure and enterprise - were created in the temples and palaces of the ancient Near East. The perspective on these topics originated in the five international colloquia organized by the Institute for the Study of Long-term Economic Trends (ISLET) with Harvard Universitys Peabody Museum from 1994 to 2015. When these meetings began, most Assyriology, Egyptology and classical studies tended to accept the views of modern economic orthodoxy. Archaic social values were so different from todays views that there was resistance to recognizing the extent to which the Bronze Age economic takeoff, 3500-1200 BC, followed policies radically unlike our own. Endorsements"Michael Hudson is the foremost expert on the financial and monetary systems of the antiquarian Western/Near Eastern World, from Mesopotamia to the Fall of the Roman Empire. In this work he totally demolishes the myth that money developed from a need to simplify barter transactions. Instead, money developed as a complement to credit/debt relationships, initially mainly between Temples and Kings as creditors and merchants and small farmers as debtors."A second main theme is that many small farmers borrowed out of desperation, e.g. after bad harvests, so that the only way to prevent growing inequality was to introduce occasional debtor holidays via Jubilees or clean slates. But rich creditors, outside the ruling family, did not like to do this, and, whenever they controlled policy, land holding became centralized, and tax revenue declined, leading to collapse. Hudsons analysis poses the issue of whether debt forgiveness is feasible and/or desirable in the modern world."-Charles Goodhart, author of "Goodharts Law" and initial external member of Bank of England Monetary Policy Committee"While David Graebers Debt: The First 5000 Years exposed the myth of barter, Michael Hudsons brilliant book demonstrates that moneys origins can be found in the temples and palaces of the Ancient Near East. Money was created to denominate debts to authorities incurred as rents and fees, and for the advance of land, seeds, animals and beer. As debts tended to grow faster than ability to pay, periodic debt cancellations restored liberty and the ability of communities to support themselves. Hudson warns that the rise of Western civilizations doctrine of the inviolability of debt drowns the majority of the worlds population in unpayable debts and servitude to oligarchies. Social balance, growth, liberty, and resilience can only be restored with debt cancellations and Clean Slates."-L. Randall Wray, Professor of Economics, Levy Economics Institute of Bard College"Michael Hudsons research was a major influence on my husband David Graebers anthropology of debt. David considered Michael the most innovative and important economic historian of the last half century. In this volume he describes how the most basic features of Western economic organization - money, markets, land tenure and enterprise - were created in the temples and palaces of the ancient Near East, not by individuals transacting on their own account."-Nika Dubrovsky, David Graebers partner and founder of the David Graeber Institute Details ISBN 3949546189 ISBN-13 9783949546181 Title Temples of Enterprise Author Michael Hudson Format Paperback Year 2024 Pages 344 Publisher Islet GE_Item_ID:159109655; About Us Grand Eagle Retail is the ideal place for all your shopping needs! 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